As early as in the first grade of primary school, the children start observing and exploring their immediate environment, both the spaces surrounding them and the relationships that unfurl within these. Starting off from themselves and their families, they move on to explore their class, their school and its neighbourhood, so that, in the last grades, they inquisitively approach the world around them, geography and human geography, the customs and traditions of their wider environment.

Matters such as discovering the past, exploring and critically approaching the present, or taking action to shape the future, are the subject of the lessons in History, Environmental Studies, Geography, Religion studies and Social and Civic Education.

The methodological tools used for the children to explore and connect to their physical and social environment include observation, field work and the development of social contacts and relationships.